Câu 3:

c, Từ phần trên, có n_H2 = n_Fe = 0,1 (mol)

\(n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{16}{160}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

\(Fe_2O_3+3H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2Fe+3H_2O\)

Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,1}{1}>\dfrac{0,1}{3}\), ta được Fe₂O₃ dư.

Theo PT: \(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{2}{3}n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1}{15}\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{Fe}=\dfrac{1}{15}.56=\dfrac{56}{15}\left(g\right)\)

a) \(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{5,6}{56}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: `Fe + 2HCl -> FeCl_2 + H_2`

            0,1-->0,2----->0,1------>0,1

`=> m_{FeCl_2} = 0,1.127 = 12,7 (g)`

b) `V_{H_2} = 0,1.22,4 = 2,24 (l)`

c) `n_{Fe_2O_3} = (16)/(160) = 0,1 (mol)`

PTHH: \(Fe_2O_3+3H_2\xrightarrow[]{t^o}2Fe+3H_2O\)

Xét tỉ lệ: \(0,1>\dfrac{0,1}{3}\Rightarrow\) Fe₂O₃

Theo PT: \(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{2}{3}.n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1}{15}\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{Fe}=\dfrac{1}{15}.56=\dfrac{56}{15}\left(g\right)\)

PTHH: \(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)

            \(Fe_2O_3+3H_2\rightarrow2Fe+3H_2O\)

\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{m}{M}=\dfrac{5,6}{56}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

Theo PTHH: \(n_{Fe}=n_{H_2}=n_{FeCl_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

\(m_{FeCl_2}=n.M=0,1.127=12,7\left(g\right)\)

\(V_{H_2\left(đktc\right)}=n.22,4=0,1.22,4=2,24\left(l\right)\)

\(n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{m}{M}=\dfrac{16}{160}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

Ta có: \(\dfrac{0,1}{1}>\dfrac{0,1}{3}\)

=> sau pư, H₂ hết và Fe₂O₃ dư

=> theo \(n_{H_2}\)

Theo PTHH: \(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{2}{3}n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2}{3}.0,1=\dfrac{1}{15}\left(mol\right)\)

=> \(m_{Fe}=n.M=\dfrac{1}{15}.56=\dfrac{56}{15}\left(g\right)\)

\(a)n_{Fe}=\dfrac{5,6}{56}=0,1mol\\ n_{Mg}=\dfrac{4,8}{24}=0,2mol\\ Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)

0,1       0,2            0,1         0,1

\(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)

0,2        0,4           0,2            0,2

\(V_{H_2}=\left(0,1+0,2\right).22,4=6,72l\\ b)V_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,2+0,4}{2}=0,3l\\ c)m_{muối}=0,1.127+95.0,2=31,7g\)

\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{1,625}{65}=0,025mol\)

\(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{3,65}{36,5}=0,1mol\)

\(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)

0,025 <  0,1                           ( mol )

0,025     0,05      0,025      0,025   ( mol )

\(V_{H_2}=0,025.22,4=0,56l\)

Chất dư là HCl

\(m_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=\left(0,1-0,05\right).36,5=1,825g\)

\(m_{ZnCl_2}=0,025.136=3,4g\)

\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{11,2}{56}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

a) PTHH : \(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\)

Theo Pt : \(n_{Fe}=n_{H2SO4}=n_{FeSO4}=n_{H2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

b) \(V_{H2\left(dktc\right)}=0,2.22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\)

c) \(C_{MddH2SO4}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,2}=1\left(M\right)\)

d) \(m_{muối}=m_{FeSO4}=0,2.152=30,4\left(g\right)\)

\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{0,54}{27}=0,02mol\\ n_{H_2SO_4}=0,07.0,5=0,035mol\\ 2Al+3H_2SO_4->Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\\ \Rightarrow H_2SO_4:dư\\ V=\dfrac{3}{2}.0,02.22,4=0,672L\\ C_{M\left(H_2SO_4\right)}=\dfrac{0,005}{0,07}=0,071M\\ C_{M\left(Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3\right)}=\dfrac{0,01}{0,07}=\dfrac{1}{7}\left(M\right)\\ CuO+H_2-t^{^0}->Cu+H_2O\\ n_{H_2}=0,03mol\\ n_{CuO}=\dfrac{6,4}{80}=0,08\Rightarrow CuO:dư\\ m_{rắn}=6,4-16.0,03=5,92g\)